Lub siab loj thiab lub peev xwm loj ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau kev nce hauv hluav taws xob kev nyuaj siab thiab hloov pauv ntawm lub cuab yeej poob, tab sis kuj tsim cov hluav taws xob dav dav hluav taws xob cuam tshuam uas nyuaj rau kev thuam [1-3], ua rau muaj teeb meem loj rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob. daim phiaj hluav taws xob thiab ib puag ncig, Thiab tseem hem rau txoj haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej thiab lwm yam khoom siv hluav taws xob ntsig txog nws. Tsab xov xwm no pib nrog lub tshuab ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, hais txog cov kev tshawb fawb txawv teb chaws tam sim no nyob rau xyoo tas los, thiab tsom mus rau kev tshuaj ntsuam thiab sib piv cov hluav taws xob cuam tshuam ntawm cov hloov pauv nyuaj thiab hloov hluav taws xob. Cov lus tseem ceeb: hloov pauv hloov pauv, hloov pauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob, hloov pauv nyuaj, hloov pauv hluav taws xob 1 Taw qhia lub zog hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau paub txog lawv cov kev ua haujlwm siab rau lub zog hloov dua siab tshiab, thiab tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam thiab pej xeem hloov dua siab tshiab thiab tsav tswj. Nws kwv yees tias 70% ntawm hluav taws xob nyob rau hauv kev lag luam kev lag luam yog hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ua ntej siv los ntawm tib neeg. Lub sijhawm xyoo 1980s, cov tswv yim thiab loj-muaj peev xwm fais fab teb tswj tau siv hluav taws xob cov khoom siv hluav taws xob nkag mus rau lub sijhawm ntawm lub siab-loj thiab loj-muaj peev xwm. Vim tias lub qhov tob heev pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab npoo (di / dt txog li 1A / ns, dv / dt txog 3V / ns) pulses thaum lub sijhawm hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob, cov teeb meem loj ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob. Cov kev cuam tshuam no tsim cov kev sib cais thiab hluav taws xob cuam tshuam los ntawm kev sib txuas ntawm thaj chaw ze thiab ze, uas muaj kuab paug rau cov hluav taws xob ib puag ncig thiab cov hluav taws xob uas muaj hluav taws xob. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog txo cov kev ntseeg tau ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj tseem cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv nyob ib sab. Nrog rau kev txhim kho kev lag luam hluav taws xob cov ntaub ntawv, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nrog cov hloov hluav taws xob ua cov tub ntxhais tseem tau siv dav yuav luag txhua yam khoom siv hluav taws xob xws li ntau yam khoom siv davhlau ya nyob twg thiab cov khoom siv sib txuas lus coj los ntawm cov khoos phis tawj. Nyob rau xyoo 1997 kev tshaj tawm ntawm Virginia Power Electronic Center (VPEC), nws tau sau raws li hauv qab no: Yog tias nws yog kev nce qib ntawm microprocessor thev naus laus zis uas txhawb txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub khoos phis tawj los ntawm 16MHz hauv 1985 rau hnub no 200MHz, tom qab ntawd ntxiv mus rau GHz yog tsuas yog txiav txim siab los ntawm kev txhim kho ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob [4]. Thaum lub nti ua haujlwm ntawm GHz, lub hwj huam hluav taws xob yuav tsum muab lub zog rau lub rooj laj kab ntawm qhov kev sib tw txaus siab txaus (nyob rau hauv Pentiumpro, cov thauj khoom tam sim no yuav tsum yog 30A / )s), uas yog vim li cas Intel tau ua kom qeeb ntawm lub moos ceev ntawm Pentium microprocessor Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau qhov no [4]. Yog li, qhov teeb meem hluav taws xob tsis zoo ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau daws sai. Xyoo tsis ntev los no, nrog txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob fais fab, lub peev xwm ntawm cov khoom siv hloov hluav taws xob tau dhau los ua qhov loj dua thiab loj dua (piv txwv, SCR (Silicon Controllable Rectifier) muaj 4000A / 8000V cov khoom, thiab IGBT (Insulated Gate Bip olar Transistor) muaj 3500V / 2400A qauv muag tau muag), hloov hloov mus tau ntau dua thiab siab dua, nce mus rau ob peb MHz, thiab qhov loj ntawm cov khoom tau txais me dua thiab me dua. Noj cov DC-DC hluav taws xob los ua piv txwv, tam sim no kev lag luam hauv zej zog yog 30W / in3, thaum theem thoob ntiaj teb yog 120W / in3, thiab cia siab tias yuav ncav cuag 240W / in3 hauv 2000. Cov ntsiab lus no xav tau ntxiv dag zog ntawm kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov hluav taws xob cuam tshuam ntawm cov hluav taws xob thiab kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau theem tsim, nws tau dhau los ua qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb los kwv yees kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab, txo lawv txoj kev txhim kho, thiab txhim kho lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis zoo ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. 2 Tshawb nrhiav kev tshawb fawb ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob Cov khoom siv hauv cov txheej txheem los tshawb txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob, cov tib neeg tau ua ntau qhov kev sim thiab tas li los suav cov kev paub tshiab. Txij li thaum xyoo 1983, Schneider tau tsim cov txheej txheem rau kev ntsuas cov peev txheej tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob hauv kev ua haujlwm. Nov yog ib qho txheej txheem uas siv cov txheej txheem los txiav ntsuas lub suab nrov kom txiav txim siab qhov tseeb thiab xav txog qhov chaw ntawm lub hauv paus impedance. Cov thev naus laus zis no xaiv qhov kev xav ua ib feem oscillation nruab nrab ntawm cov teeb meem reactive load thiab lub suab nrov, thiab qhov chaw tiv thaiv ntawm lub suab nrov tuaj yeem txiav txim siab los ntawm oscillation zaus. Qhov tiag ntawm qhov chaw impedance yog txiav txim siab los ntawm tus nqi siab ntawm oscillating suab nrov tam sim no. Kev ntsuas qhov tsis raug yog coj mus ntsuas rau hauv cov kab xev ua haujlwm ntawm 10kHz ～ 1MHz. Raws li cov ntawv xeem, Schneider npaj siab sib npaug ntawm hom sib xws thiab hom suab nrov txawv piav qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm AC sab lub suab nrov ntawm cov hloov hluav taws xob mov [5]. Txij li cov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ntawm hom hom tam sim no feem ntau ntau dua li ntawm qhov txawv ntawm hom kev sib txawv tam sim no [6], nws yog qhov tsim nyog kom paub qhov txawv ntawm hom kev cuam tshuam ib txwm thiab txawv hom cuam tshuam hauv lub system. Lub Chaw Haujlwm VPEC Tshawb Fawb tau thov lub zog hluav taws xob sib xyaw [7], kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas ntawm cov hom dav dav thiab cov kev hloov pauv sib txawv hauv kev cuam tshuam. Hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, lub tshuab nruab nrab ntawm cov kev ua suab nrov thiab cov hom suab nrov txawv kuj txawv. Lub suab nrov txawv txawv feem ntau yog los ntawm qhov hloov kho tam sim no ntawm lub tshuab hloov mus; cov hom suab nrov feem ntau yog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab ua rau oscillation los ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm qhov siab dua qhov dv / dt thiab cov kis tsis zoo. Raws li pom hauv daim duab 1, hom hom tam sim no iCM suav nrog kev hloov chaw tam sim no txuas nrog lub dav hlau hauv av. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txij li dv / dt ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg ntawm lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob yog qhov loj tshaj plaws, qhov tsis muaj peev xwm Ck ntawm nruab nrab ntawm cov khoom siv hloov thiab lub pob hluav taws kub kuj tseem yuav tsim. Hom hom tam sim no. Rau cov tshuab sib txawv, qhov tshwj xeeb ua rau hom sib txawv thiab ntau hom kev cuam tshuam txawv tsis zoo ib yam. Raws li cov kab sib txawv ntawm cov kab sib txawv, kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob tau muab faib ua kev cuam tshuam thiab hluav taws xob cuam tshuam, sib tham sib cais, thiab kev kawm txog cov yam ntxwv ze ntawm cov hloov pauv hloov tau piav qhia.
Daim duab 1 Txoj hauv kev ntawm hom hom tam sim no ntawm cov hloov khoom siv offline
Daim duab 1 cov hom niaj hnub no txoj hauv kev nyob rau hauv ib qho hloov tawm off-line
2.1 Tshawb nrhiav rau qhov cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam cov khoom sib cais yog ib txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev cuam tshuam tshaj tawm hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Lub zog hluav taws xob sib txawv muaj cov laj thawj sib txawv ntawm kev cuam tshuam. Piv txwv, nyob hauv SCR qhov kev hloov kho, qhov kev tsim hluav taws xob txawv ntawm kev sib cais sib cais tsuas yog ua raws li ob yam [8]: ib qho yog qhov sib pauv hloov sib txawv uas tshwm sim los ntawm kab hluav taws xob tsis ua haujlwm; lwm qhov yog cov hloov pauv semiconductor thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev uas txiav txim siab nws cov yam ntxwv tam sim no. Cov. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, qhov tshwm sim rov qab los ntawm thyristor hauv SCR qhov kev hloov kho kuj yuav muaj ob qhov txiaj ntsig: ib qho yog txhawm rau txuas lub sijhawm sib tshooj sib tshooj; tus tod yog ntxiv ib qho exponentially decayed tam sim no rau thyristor. Qhov ntsuas thyristor rov qab tshwm sim tuaj yeem ua rau tag nrho kev cuam tshuam los ntawm 4 ~ 5dB. Piv txwv lwm yam, Siemens 'Klotz li al. [9] kawm txog hom ntau ntawm 5-10kVA IGBT cov hloov pauv nyob rau hauv cov hluav taws xob sib txawv, kev ua haujlwm tam sim no, hloov zaus, hloov ntim, hloov kho ntim, rooj vag ncig mus txog, qhov kub, qhov xwm txheej hauv av, thiab cov khoom sib ntxiv. Piv nrog rau qhov sib txawv ntawm hom kev sib txuas ua ke cuam tshuam qhov chaw, nws xaus lus tias qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hom cuam tshuam loj yog qhov thim rov qab tam sim no ntawm qhov kev txiav tawm ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tau taw qhia tias qhov tsis txaus ntseeg ntawm lub nra yuav muaj qee yam cuam tshuam rau kev cuam tshuam spectrum. Kev tshawb fawb ntawm Teuling, Schnaen thiab Roudet ntawm Fabkis Grenoble Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob Tshuab Hluav Taws Xob (tom qab no hu ua LEG) [10] raws li kev sim qauv ntawm 400W ntu kev ua haujlwm ntawm MOSFET thiab qhov hloov pauv ntawm 100kHz qhia tau hais tias hom suab nrov zoo li ntsig txog qhov hloov hluav taws xob. Suab nrov yam cuam tshuam txog kev hloov tam sim no, thiab ob qho tib si yuav tshwm sim ib txhij. Piv txwv li, thaum MOSFET muab tua nyob rau hauv tus qauv no, qhov tam sim no tau muab tua thiab qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ua hluav taws xob ua pov thawj tsis ua haujlwm. Yog li no, hom suab nrov thiab lub suab sib txawv txawv lub suab sib xyaw ua ke lub sijhawm no. Feem ntau tsawg zaus lub sij hawm qhov sib txawv hom kev cuam tshuam yog hom, thiab hom kev cuam tshuam txawv yog hom ntawm siab. Mahdavi ntawm SHARIF University of Technology thiab Roudet thiab Scheich ntawm LEG li al. [11] tau tsim 500W Lub Hwj Hwj Tseem Ceeb Cov Cwj Pwm (PFP) ib leeg-theem AC / DC converter qauv. Hauv kev soj ntsuam ntawm lub tshuab emission, simulation software MC2 siv los laij cov kev sib raug zoo tam sim no txhaj rau lub hwj huam. Tus qauv yog pom zoo nrog qhov kev xeem sib tw hauv qhov ntau zaus ntawm 10 zaus ntawm kev hloov zaus. Hauv kev kawm ntawm PFP' s kev sib txawv ntawm cov qauv coj los ua EMI, Reis tau kwv yees tias thaum lub converter ua haujlwm nyob rau ntau hom, cov yam ntxwv EMI kuj tseem txawv [13]. Erkuan Zhong thiab Lip ntawm Wisconsin-Madison University hauv Tebchaws Meskas [12] tau siv 8kVA PWM inverter kev tsav tsheb tsav 7.46kW (10hp) induction lub cev muaj zog ua qauv kev sim. Txoj kev tshawb pom pom tias PWM inverter lub cev muaj zog los ntawm lub zog loj ua kom lub cev muaj zog ua rau lub zog loj. Nkag mus rau lub pulsating tam sim no mus txog ntau ntau A, ua rau muaj kev ua txhaum hnyav EMI (hauv cov qauv sim no, txog 120dBμV) thiab lub zog muab hluav taws xob voltage waveform distortion (nqis siab txog 50V, 20% ntau dua li qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob), cov zaus ntawm kev cuam tshuam cov paib yog dav heev, Nws tsis tsuas yog suav nrog kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov hloov hluav taws xob ntau zaus thiab nws cov kev sib haum xeeb, tab sis kuj tseem txuas ntxiv rau lub xov tooj cua ntau zaus. Qhov hloov kho dv / dt (txog 3kV / ,s, kav ntev li ob peb ns) uas tsim los ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm hloov txheej txheem sib cuam tshuam nrog cov kev tsis sib xws ntawm qhov hloov khoom siv thiab hauv av, uas ua kom muaj lub sijhawm them thiab tawm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob lub davhlau ya nyob twg, ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov tsis yog-tus cwj pwm hloov ntawm cov cuab yeej hloov khoom siv ua rau muaj kev sib haum xeeb ntau. Lawv kuj tau taw qhia tias lub diode rov qab ua kom rov qab tam sim no yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm kev cuam tshuam rau hauv lub cev. Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov hom tsis sib xws thiab cov qauv sib txawv uas cuam tshuam kev cuam tshuam, muab lub hauv paus rau kev tsim cov EMI lim. 2.2 Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov kev cuam tshuam hauv radiator Sib piv nrog kev cuam tshuam, kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub xov hluav taws xob muaj lub zog hluav taws xob muaj qhov nyuaj dua. Qhov no vim tias, raws li lub zog hloov khoom siv hluav taws xob, hloov pauv hloov muaj peev xwm los ntawm milliwatts mus rau megawatts, thiab lub voj loj thiab tswj lub voj feem ntau muaj cov khoom sib txawv. Piv nrog rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob mloog zoo rau cov ntawv luam tawm Circuit, spatial qauv Nws yog cov nyuab dua. Yog li no, kev tsom xam thiab kev suav ntawm qhov sib txuam tsis meej thiab cuam tshuam nrog lub teeb meem cuam tshuam tau nyuab dua [2], thiab tsis muaj ntau yam kev tshawb fawb muaj feem rau tam sim no. Ntawm lawv, Orlandi thiab Scheich [14] kawm txog kev cuam tshuam hluav taws xob qhov chaw ntawm SCR rectifier Circuit Court. Lawv tsom rau kev tsom xam ntawm kev sib txheeb ntawm cov hom tam sim no (sijhawm sau npe thiab zaus zaus) thiab thaj chaw hluav taws xob, thiab ntseeg hais tias hom hom tam sim no muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog kev tsav cov mem tes thiab cov ntsiab lus yuam kev los ntawm cov tswj feem. The voltage gradient ntawm cov stray capacitances txhawb nqa cov hom niaj hnub no. Kev hais tawm, qhov voltage gradient rau ntawm ntug qhov nce ntxiv ntawm cov mem tes ua ib qho kev sib koom tes tam sim no hauv qhov tsis sib xws. Ntxiv mus, lub vas nthiv hluav taws xob tam sim no tsim hluav taws xob tsis tsim nyog ntawm cov hlau ntawm SCR (rooj plaub thiab hluav taws xob) thiab dhau los ua lub hauv paus hluav taws xob. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab tus qauv hluav taws xob ntawm lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob, Cov xibfwb Antonini thiab Cristina thiab xibfwb Orlandi ntawm University of Rome tau tsim cov qauv dipole hluav taws xob rau qhov hloov khoom siv ntawm lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob nrog hloov zaus ntawm 75kHz thiab 150kHz feem [15] Cov. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum txiav txim siab txoj kab kev faib tawm tam sim no, cov kab xa khoom kis ntawm qhov sib npaug ntawm homogeneous nruab nrab yog siv. Cov txiaj ntsig kev pom zoo nyob rau hauv kev pom zoo nrog kev sim cov kev txiav txim siab nyob rau hauv ntau zaus tsawg dua 10MHz, tab sis nyob rau qhov muaj ntau zaus ntau dua 10MHz, hom hluav taws xob ntau dhau los vim muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam tsis zoo. Thaum txiav txim siab hom hom tawm tam sim no kev faib tawm, kis kab xaib qauv tsis siv lawm. Qhov tseeb, hluav taws xob hluav taws xob cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tsis yog qhov tsawg rau qhov no. Piv txwv li, cov tshuab hluav taws xob tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob feem ntau ua rau pom cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis zoo, uas txhim kho qhov hluav taws xob RF hluav taws xob ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Lub dab dej cua sov feem ntau muaj kev sib txuas hauv lub geometry, muaj ntau pawg band RF hluav taws xob tsis zoo, thiab raug ntsia rau sab nraud ntawm lub cuab yeej. Yog li no, lub dab dej tso cua sov yuav ua raws li cov xov tooj hluav taws xob muaj hluav taws xob zoo rau ntawm ib lossis ntau dua kev sib raug zoo ntawm qhov hloov zaus. Kev tshawb nrhiav kev ua haujlwm hauv thaj chaw no tseem tab tom pib, xws li Ryan, Pob Zeb thiab Chambers [16] siv cov txheej txheem FDTD los ua kev twv ua ntej ntawm RF hluav taws xob hluav taws xob qauv los ntawm cov xov tooj cua ntses cua. 2.3" Kev tshawb fawb txog ze thaj chaw" Raws li IEC22G-WG4-11, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob feem ntau muaj ob ntu, uas yog lub zog hloov hluav taws xob thiab chav tswj. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov ntawm qhov hloov mus rau kev hloov pauv yog feem ntau kaum tawm kHz mus rau pua pua kHz. Qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob thiab qhov hloov pauv tam sim no tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm hloov mus yog cov kev cuam tshuam uas tsim cov kev sib cais conduction thiab hluav taws xob cuam tshuam. Lub zog ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm lub zog hloov hluav taws xob yog txaus rau txaus ntshai rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm cov chaw tswj nyob ze [15]. Yog li no, kwv yees ze ze ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog hloov pauv ntawm lub zog thiab kom ntseeg tau tias ib txwm ua haujlwm ntawm kev tswj kav yog qhov tseem ceeb rau EMC tsim ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob hloov khoom siv. Txhawm rau tshawb xyuas qhov ze-teb cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov hloov hluav taws xob (SMPS), Atonini li al. [15] tsim qauv SMPS sim ua qauv yooj yim raws li cov pa luam tawm Circuit Court board. Thaum ua tiav cov lus teb ze-teb, lawv muab faib rau txhua ntu ntawm kev sim mus rau ntau lub Hertzian dipoles hauv series. Txij li lub sijhawm electrostatic ua txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv thaj chaw ze, nws sawv cev rau cov teb uas tsim los ntawm tus nqi hluav taws xob tsis zoo rau ib zaug xwb; thaum ntau lub dipoles txuas nrog rau hauv series, txij li qhov deb r yog nruab nrab ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm dipole thiab qhov ntsuas qhov chaw Yog li ntawd, cov lus cog tseg electrostatic tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm, uas ua rau thaj chaw electrostatic loj, ua rau cov kwv yees tus nqi siab dua qhov tseeb tus nqi. Yog li no, thaum muab cov kab hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke nrog rau Circuit Court, los ntawm kev ua tshwj xeeb, qhov tsis tseeb electrostatic them cov txiaj ntsig tshwm sim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ntawm dipole kab zauv yog tshem tawm, thiab qhov tseeb dua nyob ze-teb (hluav taws xob thiab sib nqus teb) qauv tau tsim. Kev xam pom qhia tias ntawm qhov deb ntawm 3m los ntawm cov qauv sim, qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob qhov sib txawv ntawm tus qauv raug thiab cov qauv ua ntej kev txhim kho yog 40dB hauv qhov tsawg zaus, thiab ob leeg nyiam ua raws li nyob rau hauv lub siab ntau. Cov txiaj ntsig ntsuas pom tau hais tias nyob rau hauv cov zaus zaus hauv qab 10MHz, suav tus nqi yog heev raws li tus nqi ntsuas. Nyob rau hauv cov zaus band siab dua 10MHz, cov cawv ntawm cov hom hom tam sim no yog cov tseem ceeb, thiab cov qauv muab xam saum toj no tsis siv tau lawm. Lub cawv tseem ceeb ntawm qhov ze ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob cov hluav taws xob yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob. Cristina li al. [17] kawm txog cov qauv hluav taws xob hloov pauv, ze rau ntawm qhov chaw sib faib thiab cov qauv hluav taws xob ntawm lub hloov hluav taws xob nyob rau cov xwm txheej sib txawv, thiab xaus lus tias nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv, cov hloov hluav taws xob yuav tau muab hluav taws xob tso hluav taws xob. Los yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub sib nqus dipole. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev xaiv thiab tsim tus qauv tiv thaiv zoo. LEG' s Youssef thiab Roudet li al. [18] siv MOSFET los ua kev hloov khoom siv los tsim cov qauv buckw hloov pauv hloov. Lawv suav hais tias qhov hluav taws xob yog kwv yees li ib txheej txheem nyias-kab, thiab xav tias qhov tam sim no nyob rau txhua ntu ntawm Circuit Court zoo ib yam, thiab suav qhov chaw xa tawm ze rau raws li lub sijhawm sau npe tam sim no waveform thaum hloov txoj haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, daim duab duab tsom iav tau siv los kawm txog kev hloov pauv ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thaum lub dav hlau av dav hlau nyob hauv qhov chaw sib cuam tshuam hauv lub Circuit Court, thiab nws xaus lus tias hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau raug txo qis nyob rau hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub dav hlau conductive hauv av. Nws tuaj yeem pom tias kev tshawb fawb txog cov yam ntxwv ze ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob tau nyuam qhuav pib, thiab tus qauv tiav thiab raug tsis tau tsim. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov muaj ntau qhov ntau, cov thaj chaw ze rau cov yam ntxwv muaj ntau cov nyom nyob hauv kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam yuam kev tsis dhau. Txhawm rau suav, hauv kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm hluav taws xob cuam tshuam hluav taws xob ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, feem ntau cov kev tshawb fawb siv kev sib xyaw thiab sim ntsuas. Thiab ua qauv rau cov kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hauv qee yam kev ua haujlwm. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee qhov kev tshawb fawb txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev siv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam los ntawm lub zog loj thiab cov cuab yeej ua tau zoo hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob [2]. Rau qhov hluav taws xob tiag tiag cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob, nws yog ntau zaus hom thiab ntau yam
Hom kev cuam tshuam coexists, conduction thiab hluav taws xob cuam tshuam ib txhij. Rau cov tshuab sib txawv, cov kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb kuj txawv. Kev tshuaj xyuas kom raug thiab kwv yees cov kev cuam tshuam loj ntawm cov khoom siv hauv lub system yog tus yuam sij rau cov qauv siv hluav taws xob hauv lub tshuab hluav taws xob. 3 Kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm cov hluav taws xob loj hloov pauv hloov kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua rau siab, tib neeg tsis tau tsuas yog txhim kho qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm cov cuab yeej nws tus kheej, tab sis kuj tau ua ntau lub zog los txhim kho Circuit Court topology rau ua kom tsis muaj zog hluav taws xob tsis zoo rau lub cuab yeej thiab txo qis hloov mus poob, tshem tawm kev hloov mus thiab qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob. Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub hwj chim hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog lub siab di / dt thiab dv / dt tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm sib hloov ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov tsis sib haum hauv cov hluav taws xob ua haujlwm ua ke ua rau muaj qhov siab ua kom tawg. Yog tias cov txheej txheem hloov pauv ntawm cov siab tshaj / dt thiab dv / dt tuaj yeem txo ntau li ntau tau los ntawm kev xaiv qhov tsim nyog ntawm Circuit Court topology thiab kev tswj thev naus laus zis, nws muaj peev xwm txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob. Yog li qee cov neeg xav tias hauv kev txiav txim ntawm EMI, lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob hloov pauv siv Xoom Hloov Hloov (ZVT) yuav tsum ua tau zoo dua qhov nyuaj hloov hloov pauv [9, 19]. Lub hauv paus tseem ceeb yog nyob rau hauv ZVT Circuit Court, lub pob hluav taws xob tseem ceeb ua haujlwm rau lub voj voos hluav taws xob hloov pauv lub xeev, thiab lub diode ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv lub xeev qhov hloov mus rau lub xeev. Nyob rau hauv txoj kev no, tsis muaj qhov ceev voltage hloov hauv lub pob hluav taws xob loj thiab tsis muaj qhov hloov ceev tam sim no hauv diode, thiaj li txo qhov hluav taws xob siab hauv Circuit Court. Zaus ua kom haum. Nov puas yog? Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm EMI tiam, cov hloov pauv hloov pauv (suav nrog cov hloov hluav taws xob hloov mus ua si) muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo tsis tau dhau ntawm PWM nyuaj-hloov kev hloov pauv, uas tuaj yeem suav los ntawm cov hauv qab no: (1) PWM thev naus laus zis yog kom cuam tshuam lub zog ntws thiab cov qauv ntawm kev tswj lub luag haujlwm lub luag haujlwm hloov lub zog, uas ua rau muaj kev tawm tam sim no thiab mem tes voltage; thaum lub tshuab resonance hloov lub zog nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm sine yoj, thiab nws cov spectrum zaus feem ntau nqaim dua li qhov pom ntawm zaus ntawm PWM hloov pauv. Yog li no, piv nrog PWM tus hloov pauv, cov tswv yim yuav tsum muaj kev cuam tshuam loj dua me me thiab ua kom loj dua ntawm cov khoom siv loj. (2) Qhov ua haujlwm nthwv ntawm cov hloov pauv hloov pauv yog lub yoj ib qho sib zog, nrog qis di / dt thiab dv / dt. (3) Lub zog hloov pauv hloov pauv siv lub txuas hluav taws xob txuas ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab cov xaim hluav taws xob ntawm qhov hloov pauv ua ib feem ntawm cov hluav taws xob resonant LC Circuit, thiab tsis rhiab rau cov teeb meem tsis zoo. (4) Cov hloov pauv hloov pauv ua haujlwm ntawm lub siab dua, nws yog qhov yooj yim rau kev sib koom ua ke thiab tsawg kawg nkaus, yog li nws feem ntau muaj lub zog hluav taws xob ntau dua, uas yog cov txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev txo lub voj kev voj voog thiab kev luv ntawm cov xov hluav taws xob ntev. (5) PWM cov khoom siv hloov khoom siv feem ntau siv hluav taws xob ua kom lub zog txhawm rau txhawm rau txo cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub cuab yeej, thiab tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev siv hluav taws xob cuam tshuam. Lub zog hloov pauv hloov pauv tuaj yeem txo los yog tshem tawm lub zog siv cov khoom siv tsis haum, yog li txhim kho kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas saum toj no, tuaj yeem xaus qhov xaus tau yooj yim? Xyoo 1996, cov kws tshawb nrhiav los ntawm VPEC Lub Chaw Tshawb Fawb tau ua qhov kev sib piv ntawm kev sib cais ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm ob leeg-theem 400WPFC txhawb kev hloov ua cov qauv siv hluav taws xob xoom hluav taws xob hloov pauv (piv txwv li ZVT) Circuit Court thiab hloov nyuaj ntawm kev sib txuas [21]. Qhov ntsuas tshwm sim tsis tau xav txog. Qhov EMI sib txawv ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov pauv hloov thiab hloov pauv hloov pauv siv ZVT thev naus laus zis yog qhov tsawg heev, thiab txawm tias qhov txuas ntxiv ntawm xaim ntawm lub qub tsis tsim nyog, qhov kev ua tau zoo dua. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv nyeem [20] yog qhov lawv sib piv cov hom sib txawv thiab hom kev cuam tshuam ntawm ob hom qauv sim. Qhov tshwm sim yog: hais txog lub suab nrov ib txwm, cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub nruas suab hauv siab tsawg sib xws. Thaum qhov zaus ntau tshaj li ob peb MHz, qhov hloov pauv nyuaj Lub suab nrov ntawm ZVT qauv yog ob peb dB siab dua li ntawm tus qauv ntawm ZVT; ntawm qhov muaj ntau zaus, hom suab nrov ntawm lub ZVT qauv qis dua, tab sis qee qhov xwm txheej, lub suab nrov nrov ntawm ZVT tus qauv ntawm tus kheej zaus cov ntsiab lus tshaj qhov nyuaj-hloov qauv; nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm txawv txawv suab nrov, Lub suab nrov ntawm hloov mus sib zog muaj zog dua li ntawm cov qauv ZVT. Cov txiaj ntsig sim sab saum toj no tuaj yeem nkag siab: cov hom suab nrov feem ntau ua ke ntawm cov stray capacitance ntawm cov cuab yeej cov vaj tse, thaum lub ntsiab hloov ntawm ZVT hloov pauv yog hloov mus rau qhov muag me me, thiab cov dv / dt tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm hloov pauv yog me me. Yog li ntawd, ZVT hloov pauv' s High-frequency common-mode cuam tshuam yog me dua li ntawm cov hloov nyuaj hloov pauv; thiab lub suab nrov peaks ntawm ZVT cov hloov pauv ntawm qee qhov chaw zaus yog tshwm sim los ntawm cov xaim tsis raug ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw hauv ZVT cov hloov. Tsis tas li, vim lub siab dua di / dt tshwm sim los ntawm diode rov qab rov qab tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov hloov pauv hloov pauv, lub suab nrov sib txawv ntawm cov hloov pauv nyuaj yog qhov siab dua qhov hloov ntawm ZVT hloov pauv nyob rau hauv ntau qhov ntau, tab sis lub siab di / dt feem ntau tsis cuam tshuam rau cov khoom lag luam tsawg. Yog li ntawd, cov kev cuam tshuam cuam tshuam ntawm ob yog zoo sib xws nyob rau hauv qhov hloov zaus thiab nws cov lus txiav txim siab tsawg. Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias txawm hais tias qhov loj hloov cuam tshuam ntawm cov yam ntxwv ntawm ZVT hloov pauv tau zoo dua hloov nyuaj los ntawm ob peb dB, EMI cov yam ntxwv ntawm ob feem ntau zoo sib xws. Raws li qhov txawv ntawm kev hloov suab nrov txhawj xeeb, qhov ZVT hloov dua siab tshiab zoo dua qhov hloov pauv hloov nyuaj, uas yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev hloov hluav taws xob zoo dua li hloov nyuaj. Hais txog lub suab nrov ib txwm, cov teeb meem nyuaj dua. Qhov sib txawv ntawm ZVT cov hloov pauv thiab hloov nyuaj hloov pauv yog tias lub qub muaj cov khoom hloov hluav taws xob hloov pauv, nrog rau cov koom tes hloov ntawm cov ntsiab lus uas ntws loj dua ntawm qhov tam sim no. Qhov kev hloov mus ntawm no yuav tuaj yeem tiv cov ntsiab lus nyuaj thiab hloov pauv. Lub thawv hloov tseem ceeb hauv lub tshuab hloov hluav taws xob muaj tib lub zog hluav taws xob. Lub koom haum pabcuam txuas nrog hauv ZVT hloov pauv hloov pauv, uas txhais tau hais tias lub pob hluav taws xob nyuaj hauv qhov hloov pauv hloov pauv tau raug hloov mus rau qhov chaw pabcuam ntawm ZVT hloov. Yog li ntawd, hauv cov hluav taws xob hloov hluav taws xob cov ntsiab lus, cov koom tes nrog hloov pauv yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev cuam tshuam, thiab lawv qhov chaw nyob thiab cov xov hluav taws xob muaj qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws [21]." Hauv paus ntsiab lus, PWM lub hloov hluav taws xob nrog lub snubber Circuit Court tsis tas yuav muaj cov suab nrov tsis zoo dua li cov twj hloov pauv hloov pauv. Tab sis txawm hais tias lub pob hluav taws xob hloov mus rau lub pob hluav taws xob los yog lub pob hluav taws xob hloov tau zoo dua yog nyob ntawm thawj theem ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob, tsim nyog xaiv ntawm Circuit Court topology thiab tswj kev siv technology raws li daim ntawv thov, kev tsim cov khoom sib luag thiab hluav taws xob cuam tshuam kev twv ua ntej cov qauv, thiab cov kev taw qhia kom raug ntawm Circuit Court qauv. 4 Cov lus xaus Hauv txoj kev xaus, kev xaiv hluav taws xob ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob tau ntxim nyiam ntau thiab ntau dua los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Txij xyoo 1980s, ntau qhov kev sim tshawb thiab ntsuas cov qauv kev ua haujlwm tau ua tiav txawv teb chaws; kev tshawb fawb hauv nroog hauv thaj chaw no tau ua tiav. Muaj tsis muaj ntau ua haujlwm, thiab tsis muaj ntau tshaj qhov tshaj lij kev tshaj tawm cov khoom tau pom tsis tau. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau niaj hnub no' s txoj kev loj hlob sai ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob thev naus laus zis, yuav ua li cas tawg yav dhau los thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab ua rau lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsim tsim ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob mus rau cov kev tsim hluav taws xob yog ntsib hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. kws tshawb fawb. Nws yog khi los ua ib qho ntawm cov hauv paus hauv kev xaiv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob kev tiv thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov tob ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau lub zog hluav taws xob cov khoom siv, txiav txim siab qhov rhiab ntawm ntau yam sib txawv, kawm txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm ntau yam hloov topologies thiab tswj cov phiaj xwm, thiab tsim kom paub cov qauv ua ntej tuaj yeem xaiv lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm lub zog hluav taws xob ua tiav. Kev tsim cov txheej txheem, thiab hloov mus rau qhov kev loj hlob sai ntawm cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob hluav taws xob nws tus kheej