Xyoo 2016, Tuam Tshoj' s IC tsim kev lag luam tshaj 1000; Plaub xyoos tom qab, tus lej tau nce mus rau 2,218. Ib qho ntxiv, cov chaw lag luam semiconductor ua haujlwm hauv hom IDM kuj tseem tau tsim, thiab lawv txoj kev loj hlob tau koom ua ke txhawb kev nce ntawm kev lag luam semiconductor hauv zos saw.
Hais txog kev ua tau zoo, siv cov ntaub ntawv tsim khoom muag ua piv txwv, raws li cov ntaub ntawv rau pej xeem, tom qab tsoo 100 billion yuan cim hauv xyoo 2014, nti tsim kev muag khoom ua tiav tawg 200 billion yuan cim hauv 2017 thiab 300 billion yuan cim hauv 2019 .
Nws tuaj yeem hais tias" tsov hauv plawv" ntawm cov kws tshaj lij semiconductor hauv tsev tau tsim txoj kev vam meej ntawm kev lag luam semiconductor hauv ib cheeb tsam, thiab rau cov lag luam ib txwm muaj hauv kev lag luam semiconductor, lawv nce ntxiv txhais tau tias muaj ntau tus neeg ua haujlwm txhawm rau ua lag luam. Yog li, hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los ntawm kev txhim kho, Suav tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam muaj&& quot; coj&& quot; lub teb chaws txawv teb chaws?
IPC Chip Wars
Kev txhim kho kev lag luam ruaj ntseg yog ib qho ntawm txoj hauv kev rau kev tsim khoom lag luam nti hauv tsev. Los ntawm kev txhim kho kev lag luam kev nyab xeeb, kev lag luam kev nyab xeeb tau ntsib kev saib xyuas zoo ib yam, kev saib xyuas digital, network hd, thiab lub sijhawm saib xyuas ntse. Lub koom haum Foresight, cov ntawv tshawb fawb tau taw qhia tias ntawm plaub theem ntawm kev txhim kho, kev ruaj ntseg kev lag luam txhua qhov hloov tshiab yog vam khom rau cov txheej txheem ntawm cov dej ntws ntawm cov lag luam saw, cov chips thiab cov khoom ntawm cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab txhawb kev siv, txo nqi thiab txhua qhov kev txhim kho thiab coj txoj haujlwm ntawm kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb los txhawb nqa, daim ntawv thov xwm txheej kom nthuav dav thiab dav dua txog kev lag luam.
Kev tshem tawm ntawm kev lag luam kev nyab xeeb hauv tsev yog nkag mus rau xyoo 2001, nrog kev txhawb nqa txuas ntxiv ntawm cov cai tsim nyog, cov thawj coj ua yeeb yaj kiab kev nyab xeeb hauv tsev hikvision, Dahua Tshuag thiab lwm yam tau tsim. Tab sis lub sijhawm no, tsis muaj cov tuam txhab ua lag luam hauv tsev tuaj yeem muab kev xav tau hauv khw. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, kev ua lag luam yog los ntawm cov neeg txawv teb chaws, suav nrog TI thiab Amba.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam, TI' tus sawv cev DaVinci- DM3x ARM9 video processor daws tau siv dav hauv kev lag luam kev nyab xeeb. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum kev saib xyuas vis dis aus hauv thaj chaw ruaj ntseg txhim kho los ntawm qib sib piv mus rau cov txheej txheem txheej txheem txheej txheem, TI maj txhim tsa txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ruaj ntseg yees duab nrawm.
Nyob ib ncig ntawm xyoo 2010, lub network pib xav txog kev nrawm ntawm kev txhim kho, cov neeg siv cov vis dis aus duab zoo, nrog rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub koob yees duab network, tso rau qhov kev thov siab dua, kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub koob yees duab network tsis yog kev saib xyuas kev nyab xeeb yooj yim, cov neeg siv vam tias yuav tau txais cov yam ntxwv ntau dua, los ntawm lub network lub koob yees duab xav tau yooj yim dua, kev tswj hwm ntau qhov system tib lub sijhawm, vim li ntawd, IP Lub Koob Yees Duab (network Lub Koob Yees Duab) tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev lag luam kev nyab xeeb, thiab nws cov hauv paus yog cov vis dis aus compression coding nti.
Amba, nrhiav tau hauv 2004, yog tus thawj coj thev naus laus zis hauv kev lag luam HD video. Raws li cov ntawv ceeb toom cuam tshuam, lawv yog thawj zaug hauv kev lag luam los tshaj tawm SoC chips raws li qhov tseeb H.264 cov vis dis aus tus qauv tshiab, uas muab lawv ze li 90 feem pua ntawm MARKET rau PROFESSIONAL H.264 tshaj tawm cov cuab yeej tshaj tawm.
H.264 tsis tsuas yog muab sijhawm rau Anba los tsim nws txoj haujlwm lag luam, tab sis tseem muab sijhawm rau huawei, tus muag khoom hauv tsev, nkag mus rau kev lag luam kev nyab xeeb. Kuj tau tsim hauv xyoo 2004," Little Sea" pom lub sijhawm thiab tau pib H.264 video codec Hi3510 hauv 2006. Vim tias H.264 nyuam qhuav sawv los nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawd, Huawei sawv ntawm tib txoj kab pib nrog cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb tam sim no. Los ntawm kev sib koom tes zoo nrog DAhua hauv kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho, Hauv xyoo 2007, Huawei thiab DAhua tau kos npe rau daim ntawv cog lus ntawm 200,000 H.264 video coding chips, txij lub sijhawm no mus, Huawei hauv thaj chaw ua haujlwm tau teeb tsa lub nkoj. Tom qab ntawd los txog qhov system-on-a-chip (SoC), thiab xyoo 2010, Huawei tau tswj hwm txhawm rau txhawm rau muab cov khoom lag luam ntawm Hikon, lub ntiaj teb' tus tsim lub koob yees duab ruaj ntseg loj tshaj plaws.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov xwm txheej ntawm Suav tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam tseem txhim kho sai, raws li Suav Lub Tsev Lag Luam ntawm Kev Lag Luam thiab Kev Lag Luam, txij li xyoo 2015, Tuam Tshoj' cov vis dis aus saib xyuas kev lag luam tau mus txog ntau dua 40% ntawm lub ntiaj teb nplai , dhau los ua lub ntiaj teb loj tshaj plaws kev ruaj ntseg yees duab saib xyuas cov neeg siv khoom lag luam. Qhov no tseem tau muab lub hauv paus rau Huawei, uas tau nkag mus rau kev lag luam kev ruaj ntseg saw ntawm cov neeg loj xws li Hikom thiab Dahua.
Raws li cov ntaub ntawv cuam tshuam, hauv Suav teb' IPC kev ua lag luam hauv xyoo 2016, Hisi' kev lag luam sib faib mus txog 62%, thiab tam sim no nws tau nyob ntau dua 70% ntawm kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb, thiab ntau dua tshaj li 90% ntawm cov vis dis aus kaw kev lag luam. Ntau tus neeg sawv cev hauv tsev vam khom Huawei Hisi.
Tab sis nyob rau xyoo tsis ntev los no, huawei' s chips ruaj ntseg kuj tseem ntsib teeb meem vim peb txwv. Yog li ntawd, muaj ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom los sim tuav lub khw no, thiab lub sijhawm no txawv, ntxiv rau cov neeg sib tw qub, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv tsev tsis yog ob peb - raws li cov ntawv ceeb toom tseem ceeb, ntxiv rau Huawei Hiss, Anba thiab lwm yam cov tuam txhab muab kev txhawb nqa rau H.265 tus qauv IPC SoC nti, Kev ruaj ntseg hauv tsev saib xyuas cov tuam txhab tsim khoom, xws li Fuhanwei, Guokewei, Beijing Junzheng, thiab lwm yam.
Ant Tactics hauv kev tswj hwm Chip Kev Lag Luam
Raws li yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua lag luam semiconductor, analog chips tau dhau los ntau qhov kev hloov pauv hauv xyoo tas los no, tshwj xeeb yog kev sib koom ua ke thiab kev yuav khoom ntawm cov lag luam loj. Txhawm rau txhawm rau nthuav lawv cov kev lag luam, ADI tau txais Linear, uas paub txog nws lub zog tswj hwm nti, thiab Maxim, uas tseem muaj cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg zoo hauv kev tswj hwm lub zog.
Pom tseeb, ob qho kev yuav khoom koom nrog kev tswj hwm lub zog khoom khoom, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tom qab tau txais Linear, ADI' qhov tsis muaj zog hauv kev tswj hwm lub zog nti tau ua tiav sai, thiab nws txoj kev faib khoom ntawm kev tswj hwm lub zog IC lag luam tau nce ntau heev rau thib ob hauv ntiaj teb. Raws li peb txhua tus paub, Qhov laj thawj rau ADI' kev yuav khoom yog txhawm rau kaw qhov sib txawv nrog tus thawj coj zoo sib xws TI. Ntawm TI sab, nrog ntau dua 25,000 cov khoom lag luam tswj hwm lub zog kom muab, TI yog tus thawj coj tsis txaus ntseeg hauv thaj chaw.
Qab ADI' kev siv zog los ntxiv dag zog rau kev tswj hwm lub zog yog lub peev xwm ntawm lub khw no. Raws li IC Insights, kev tswj hwm lub zog yuav tsum suav txog 21% ntawm tag nrho cov ics xa hauv xyoo 2019, qeb duas ua ntej ntawm txhua pawg ntawm ics. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nrog kev txhim kho Is Taws Nem Ntawm Yam, lub zog tshiab, kev txawj ntse dag thiab lwm yam kev thov tshiab, kev lag luam nqes ntawm kev tswj hwm lub zog nti tau pib hauv txoj hauv kev tshiab.
Qhov kev hloov pauv no tseem tau nyiam cov neeg tsim khoom lag luam nti hauv tsev, thiab mob siab rau ua haujlwm. Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom ntawm Zhiyan Kev Sab Laj, lub zog tswj hwm cov khoom lag luam tsim thiab tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab lag luam tau maj mam hloov pauv cov kev sib tw ntawm cov neeg sib tw txawv teb chaws hauv ntau daim ntawv thov kev lag luam, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob hauv nruab nrab thiab lub zog me me ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua lag luam, thiab kev hloov pauv hloov. cov txiaj ntsig tau zoo dua qub.
Cov chaw tsim khoom lag luam hauv cheeb tsam xws li Chipengwei, Shengbang, Jingfengmingyuan thiab Shilanwei txhua tus muaj kev teeb tsa hauv thaj tsam ntawm kev tswj fais fab. Vim muaj ntau yam kev tswj hwm lub zog koom nrog, nws tseem ua rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam tuaj yeem txiav mus rau hauv kev ua lag luam los ntawm ntau qhov sib txawv, yog li txhawm rau sib tw nrog thoob ntiaj teb loj heev hauv kev faib ua haujlwm.
Tshwj xeeb, SAN Bang cov khoom tau tshaj tawm tias nws cov khoom tswj hwm cov khoom lag luam thiab cov roj teeb tswj cov khoom lag luam ntawm cov neeg sib tw tseem ceeb mus rau tus qauv suav nrog MPS thiab TI thiab lwm lub tuam txhab. Raws li tus thawj coj ntawm LED teeb pom kev tsav tsheb nyob hauv Suav teb, Jingfeng Tau tshaj tawm cov khoom lag luam tswj hwm lub zog rau teeb pom kev zoo LED. Raws li cov ntawv ceeb toom tseem ceeb, AC/DC kev tswj hwm lub zog rau lub ntsej muag ntse tau tsim los ntawm Jingfeng xyoo 2019 tuaj yeem ua tiav qhov tsis muaj thauj khoom siv hluav taws xob tsawg dua 2 MMW. Nyob zoo dua li peb PI (Kev Sib Koom Fais Fab) thiab lwm qhov thoob ntiaj teb paub zoo Kev tswj hwm lub zog tsim hluav taws xob tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm 5 milliwatts ntawm kev tos fais fab siv qib, cov thev naus laus zis no ua rau lawv nyob ib ntus hauv kev lag luam thawj coj. Lub hwj chim tswj hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm Chipengwei feem ntau yog rau thaj tsam ntawm cov cuab yeej siv hauv tsev, tus qauv siv hluav taws xob, lub xov tooj ntawm tes digital thiab kev tsav tsheb hauv kev lag luam, thiab paub txog kev hloov pauv hauv tsev.
Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, kev txhim kho kev tswj hwm lub zog hluav taws xob nyob hauv Suav teb tseem tau txais kev saib xyuas ntawm cov peev txheej lag luam, suav nrog theem ob ntawm cov peev nyiaj loj tau nqis peev hauv kev tswj hwm lub zog xa khoom Powerchip; Haber, yog tus tswv lag luam tag nrho ntawm Huawei, nqis peev hauv Jwater Microelectronics; Hubei Millet Yangtze River Industry Fund Partnership tau nqis peev hauv Biyi Microelectronics thiab Nanxin Semiconductor.
Cov tuam txhab tswj hwm lub zog hluav taws xob hauv tsev' Kev kov yeej cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me thiab nruab nrab ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam hluav taws xob tau yuam cov tuam txhab tsim tawm txawv teb chaws kom maj mam ploj mus ntawm cov neeg siv khoom lag luam, thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau tsheb, kev lag luam, tub rog thiab kev lag luam dav hlau, kev ua lag luam siab.
Ntau lub lag luam tau tshwm sim
Thoob plaws hauv kev lag luam nti hauv Suav teb, qhov tseeb, hauv ntau thaj tsam hauv kev sib faib-thiab-kov yeej, xws li simulation, suav nrog saum toj no, nws los txog rau kev tswj hwm lub zog nti kev ua lag luam, yuav tsum yog qhov kub tshaj plaws hauv Suav teb Circuit Court, vim tias cov chips sib xws, kev faib ua ntu zus qhov kev thov yog xws li IGBT, thiab txawm tias GaN thiab SiC muaj zog hauv tsev thov. Ib qho ntxiv, suav nrog xov tooj cua zaus, CIS thiab lwm yam kev sib tw, Suav chips tseem tuaj.
Nqa cov lag luam cais ua piv txwv, cov khoom siv hauv tsev tseem ua rau ntau tus neeg tsim khoom lag luam, lawv txawm tias qee qhov paub thoob ntiaj teb cov neeg loj&"tawm &"; ntawm kev ua lag luam.
Hais txog kev txhim kho kev ua lag luam, kev ua lag luam rau cov neeg sib cais digital tau npaj kom mus txog $ 767 lab los ntawm 2024, raws li kev lag luam tshawb fawb ruaj khov IHS Markit, tab sis nws tseem muaj cov neeg txawv teb chaws xws li Silicon Labs, ADI thiab TI. Yog li ntawd, tau tsav los ntawm kev hloov chaw, kev rho tawm tau dhau los ua lub peev xwm lag luam. Xws li sichuan av micro, rongpai, na Xin micro thiab lwm cov tuam ntxhab hauv thaj chaw muaj txheej txheem.
Tshwj xeeb, chuanzhi, nrhiav tau nyob rau xyoo 2016, nws muaj nws tus kheej patent thev naus laus zis ntawm ntim tshuab cais. Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm kev rho tawm digital suav nrog cov channel rau rau rau channel tau tsim ntau. Hais txog kev sib cais siab tsis kam, CMTI thiab lwm yam ntsuas, nws tau dhau qhov kev xa khoom tuaj ntawm TI, Silicon Labs thiab lwm lub tuam txhab, thiab tuaj yeem paub qhov zoo hloov pauv hloov pauv.
Lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob tsim los ntawm Rongpai siv cov thev naus laus zis sib cais yog qhov hloov pauv tau thiab tau ua tiav zoo hauv kev ntsuas hluav taws xob ntsuas, khoom siv hauv tsev ntse thiab tsheb kauj vab. Rongpai yog thawj lub tuam txhab nyob hauv Suav teb los tsim lub tshuab cais tawm digital raws li cov qauv kev cai tsheb. Nws tau nkag siab tias nws cov khoom tau ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb rau kev xaiv lub zog tshiab lub tsheb tsheb roj teeb hauv kev lag luam, thiab ua tiav nkag mus rau ntau lawm. Ib qho ntxiv, raws li cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob siv hluav taws xob network tau tshaj tawm tias rongpai yuav tshaj tawm cov khoom sib cais hauv lub hlis thib peb ntawm lub xyoo no kom tau raws li qhov xav tau tam sim no cais kev tsav hauv kev lag luam thiab cov cuab yeej siv hauv tsev ntse.
Nanochip' cov khoom sib cais tuaj yeem npog cov txheej txheem digital cais, cais cov qauv sib cais, cais cov tsav tsheb sib cais, cais cov chips sib cuam tshuam thiab cais lub zog nti. Raws li cov ntaub ntawv xov xwm cuam tshuam, Txij li thaum kawg ntawm 2017 tom qab kev tsim khoom ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem cais cov txheej txheem, Nano Chip tau dhau los ua kev ruaj ntseg siab tshaj plaws ntawm tag nrho cov khoom, kev ua haujlwm siab tshaj plaws ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, los pab ntau lub tuam txhab tsim khoom sai sai paub qhov chaw nyob. Ntawm lawv, qhov ntsuas kev ua tau zoo ntawm CMTI ntawm nano core micro digital cais cov khoom lag luam tuaj yeem ua tiav 200kV/μS, thiab kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog qib ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb thawj zaug, thiab qee qhov kev ntsuas tau ua tiav.
Qhov nce ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim hluav taws xob hauv tsev no, rau qee qhov, cuam tshuam kev lag luam ntawm cov tuam txhab loj thoob ntiaj teb. Qhov no tau pom tseeb tshaj plaws thaum Silicon Labs tshaj tawm kev muag nws Txoj Haujlwm Kev Lag Luam thiab Tsheb (I& A), uas suav nrog nws cov peev txheej thev naus laus zis thiab cov khoom muaj feem cuam tshuam hauv lub zog, cais tawm, sijhawm thiab tshaj tawm cov khoom lag luam, rau Skyworks rau $ 2.75 nphom. Hais txog kev ua lag luam txoj haujlwm ntawm Silicon Labs, raws li daim ntawv tshaj tawm xyoo 2019, Silicon Labs yog qeb thib ib hauv kev lag luam hauv kev cais cov khoom lag luam digital kab ntawm cov tsheb hluav taws xob, nrog rau kev xa tag nrho ntau dua 30 lab units. Xyoo 2017-2018, 7 ntawm 10 lub Oems saum toj kawg nkaus tau txais Silicon Labs' txoj kev npaj cais tawm, uas tau hais dav hauv thaj chaw suav nrog BMS, kev tsav tsheb, OBC, thiab them nqi. Silicon Labs tau xaiv muag kev lag luam uas suav txog 40% ntawm lub tuam txhab' cov nyiaj tau los, tej zaum qhia tau tias muaj kev sib tw nce ntxiv. Ua rau nws txoj kev lag luam tsis tuaj yeem lav qhov kev loj hlob ntawm yav dhau los.
Sau hauv qhov kawg
Nyob rau hauv qhov hnoos qeev nyias, cov tuam txhab tsim khoom lag luam hauv ntau thaj chaw kom ua tiav kev hloov pauv hauv tsev, uas qhia tau tias cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv tsev muaj zog nce. Tab sis zoo li npib, muaj ob sab rau npib. Ntawm B-sab, qhov chaw tsim khoom hauv tsev tau nyiag cov lag luam los ntawm cov neeg ua si txawv teb chaws, cov neeg tsim khoom hauv tsev feem ntau tau ua li ntawd los ntawm kev ua tau zoo. Qhov no tseem qhia tau tias cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb tseem muaj qhov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev siv thev naus laus zis, uas ua rau lawv nkag mus rau qhov ua tau zoo, ua lag luam muaj txiaj ntsig siab, thiab txuas ntxiv ntxiv lawv txoj haujlwm hauv khw.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, tseem muaj txoj hauv kev ntev mus rau cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv tsev, vim tias cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb yog thawj tus nkag mus rau cov kev lag luam no, uas tseem yuav ua rau muaj kev cov nyom rau cov tuam txhab ua lag luam nti nkag mus rau hauv kev lag luam nti siab.